Non-traditional Christian groups endure the harshest violations from both local authorities and the Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC), especially in areas where EOC is very dominant. Converts to Christianity from a Muslim background, especially in the eastern and south-eastern regions, and ‘cross-denominational converts’ from Orthodox backgrounds face significant mistreatment from their families and communities. In certain areas, Christians are denied access to community resources and face social ostracization. For instance, regions like the Somali state and parts of Oromia are prone to attacks on churches by Islamic mobs. Moreover, the ongoing political violence in the country over the last three years has exacerbated the vulnerability of Christians, exposing them to increased pressure and violence in Tigray, Oromia and Amhara regions.
